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Socket Programming with Raspberry pi

 In this setup, the PC act as the server , and each Raspberry Pi (used with 11) should act as a client : Server (PC) : The PC will be responsible for accepting incoming connections from all Raspberry Pis (11 in total). The PC can manage all connections, continuously receive sensor data from each Raspberry Pi, and send control commands to the Raspberry Pis. The server (PC) can efficiently handle multiple socket connections by using threads or asynchronous methods, allowing it to communicate with all Raspberry Pis simultaneously. Clients (Raspberry Pis) : Each Raspberry Pi will initiate a connection to the PC server. They will continuously send sensor data to the PC (e.g., sensor readings) at regular intervals. The Raspberry Pis will also listen for control commands from the PC and act upon them (e.g., adjusting parameters or performing specific tasks). Key Considerations: Sockets : The PC will bind a server socket to a specific port, and each Raspberry Pi will connect to this server...
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Saturate a soil sample in a cyclic triaxial test

To saturate a soil sample in a cyclic triaxial test, you can gradually increase the back pressure until the pore air dissolves into the pore water. This process is similar to the procedure used in static triaxial tests.  Steps  : 1. Insert two saturated porous discs at the top and bottom of the sample 2. Gradually increase the back pressure 3. Perform saturation checks by elevating the confining pressure 4. Calculate the B-value, which is the change in pore water pressure divided by the change in confining pressure 5. If the B-value is greater than 0.95, the soil is considered fully saturated Additional tips  : 1. Use distilled and de-aired water for flushing 2. Apply cell pressure and back pressure in constant increments 3. Allow the sample to saturate for 10–20 minutes after each increment 4. Check the saturation value after each increment 5. The cell pressure should always be higher than the back pressure 6. The cyclic triaxial test subjects a cylindrical soil sample t...
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Set Static IP Address for Ethernet Connection in Raspberry Pi OS

For  Bookworm OS: - Click the network icon in the top-right side of the Raspberry pi Desktop. - Click on the advanced option. - Click on edit connections - Select the wired Connections. Double click on it and wired connection window will open. - Go to the IPv4 Settings Tab. - Select Manual from drop-down menu (by default Automatic is selected). - Click on add button. - Enter IP address, subnet mask and default gateway in respective text boxes. - Click on the Save button to save the changes. Now your ethernet connection in Raspberry pi has a static ip address.
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Autostart an app on reboot - Raspberry Pi

Option 1: pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo nano /etc/rc.local #add path before exit 0 line: su - pi -c "sleep 10 && export DISPLAY=:0 && cd "folderPath" && /usr/bin/python3 fileName.py" & CTRL+O  // to save the changes Enter CTRL+X  // to close the file editor pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo reboot (To check the autostart of the software app.) Option 2: go to /home/pi/.config create an autostart folder create a .desktop file into this. add path of an autoreboot.sh file to it with delay : app.Desktop file [Desktop Entry] Exec=sh -c "sleep 15; /home/pi/on_reboot.sh" Create a virtual environment myenv add app folder to myenv create a on_reboot.sh file in /home/pi/ folder.  Add following paths into this file: #!/bin/bash source /home/pi/Documents/myenv/bin/activate cd /home/pi/Documents /myenv/MyApp python3 app.py sudo reboot to check the autostart of the software app.
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Setting up a USB thermal printer with a Raspberry Pi 3B+

It involves a few key steps. Here’s a complete guide to get it working: 1. Gather Required Materials Raspberry Pi 3B+ (with Raspbian OS installed) USB thermal printer USB cable to connect the printer Printer paper Power supply for the Raspberry Pi and printer 2. Connect the Printer Connect the thermal printer to the Raspberry Pi via the USB port. Ensure the printer is powered on and loaded with paper. 3. Install Required Packages Open the terminal on your Raspberry Pi and install the necessary software: Download the driver software for the printer.  Use install.sh file to install it. $ chmod +x install.sh       // make the install.sh file executable $ sudo ./install.sh        // run the install.sh  $ sudo apt install cups libcups2-dev printer-driver-escpr CUPS (Common Unix Printing System) is a printing system that allows the Raspberry Pi to communicate with printers. printer-driver-escpr includes drivers for many thermal printers. 4. Add U...
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NI cRIO-9035 vs NI cRIO-9053

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  The NI cRIO-9035 and NI cRIO-9053 are both CompactRIO controllers that include integrated FPGA resources for real-time and FPGA-based applications, but there are some differences in the FPGA resources they provide. Below is a comparison of the FPGA resources for both models: 1. NI cRIO-9035 cRIO-9035 Chassis with 8-slots Number of Ethernet Ports on Controller:  2 Slot Count:  8 Conformal Coated:  No Processor Core:  1.33 GHz Dual Core Intel Atom RAM Size:  1 GB Hard Drive Memory Size:  4 GB Programming Method:  LabVIEW FPGA Operating Temperature Range:  -20 °C to 55 °C GigE Vision Support:  Yes FPGA:  Kintex-7 70T 2. NI cRIO-9053 cRIO-9053 Chassis with 4-Slots Number of Ethernet Ports on Controller:  1 Slot Count:  4 Conformal Coated:  No FPGA: Xilinx  Artix-7 50T GigE Vision Support:  Yes Operating Temperature Range:  -20 °C to 55 °C Processor Core:  1.33 GHz Dual Core Intel Atom RAM Size:...
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Git (Version Control System)

Git Version Control System Version Control System (VCS) have seen great improvements over the past few decades and some are better than others. VCS are sometimes known as SCM (Source Code Management) tools or RCS (Revision Control System). One of the most popular VCS tools in use today is called Git.  Like many of the most popular VCS systems available today, Git is free and open source.  Git is a mature, actively maintained open source project originally developed in 2005 by Linus Torvalds, the famous creator of the Linux operating system kernel. Git is a  Distributed Version Control System , a category known as DVCS.  Rather than have only one single place for the full version history of the software as is common in once-popular version control systems like CVS or Subversion (also known as SVN), in Git, every developer's working copy of the code is also a repository that can contain the full history of all changes. Some frequently used commands for Git Hub : 1...
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